Field Notes from the Caribbean Basin
Explore the West Indies
The West Indies arc from Florida to Venezuela, islands rich in history and complexity, revealing both resilience and fragility. These are my travel notes from across the Caribbean Basin.
Great Guana Cay, Bahamas
The Fight for Guana Cay’s Reef
For ten years I covered a small Bahamian island’s fight against Bakers Bay Golf & Ocean Club, a golf course, marina and resort built beside one of the healthiest reefs left in the Caribbean. The club was built. The science, the court fight and the paper trail are all here.

Golf Courses Are Incompatible With Coral Reefs
Why a golf course and a reef can’t share porous ground.

The Mangroves Bakers Bay Destroyed
How the marina dredged out the reef’s filter and nursery.

Bakers Bay Golf Course and Coral Reef Decline
The 2012 field report on coral disease and algae beside the fairways.

The Baker’s Bay Monitoring Reports
Two years of documented violations, filed to the company’s own executive.

Bakers Bay Barge Wreck Threatens Reef
A 2025 grounding on the protected reef at Fowl Cays.

Bakers Bay Club Case Study Refuted
The developer’s own story, checked against the reef.

Dr. Tom Goreau and the Fight for Great Guana Cay’s Reef
The reef scientist who documented what happened.

Sierra Club Amicus Curiae for Great Guana Cay
The Sierra Club’s brief as the fight reached the Privy Council.
The West Indies at a Glance
An Arc of Islands Between Two Continents
The West Indies curve some 2,500 miles from the Bahamas, off Florida, to Trinidad, off Venezuela, dividing the Atlantic Ocean from the Caribbean Sea. About 44 million people live on these islands, in thirteen independent countries and a patchwork of territories still tied to Britain, France, the Netherlands and the United States.
- 13independent island countries
- ~44 millionpeople
- 72%of native seed plants found nowhere else
- 7,000 yearssince the first people reached Trinidad
Lucayan Archipelago
Low limestone islands and cays on the shallow Bahama Banks. They sit in the Atlantic, not the Caribbean Sea.
Countries The Bahamas
Also Turks and Caicos Islands (U.K.)
Greater Antilles
The four big, mountainous islands, home to most of the region’s people and most of its species found nowhere else.
Countries Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica
Also Puerto Rico (U.S.), Cayman Islands (U.K.)
Lesser Antilles
A chain of small, mostly volcanic islands curving south from the Virgin Islands to Trinidad, plus the Dutch islands off Venezuela.
Countries Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago
Also U.S. Virgin Islands; British Virgin Islands, Anguilla, Montserrat (U.K.); Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint-Martin, Saint Barthélemy (France); Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten, Bonaire, Saba, Sint Eustatius (Netherlands); Nueva Esparta (Venezuela)
West Indies or Caribbean?
Europeans coined West Indies to tell these islands from the East Indies, but I still like it as a name for both a geography and a shared culture. It covers the whole Caribbean Basin, including the Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos out in the Atlantic. The Caribbean, strictly speaking, is the sea.
I also argue that these islands belong on lists of the birds of North America.